Improvement in capstans and windlasses



' 4Sheets-SheetL P. c. st. MARIE.,l CAPSTAN AND WINDLASS.

Patented April Z5, 1876.

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4Sheets-Sheet2- P. C. St. MARIE. CAPSTAN AND WINDLASS. No. 176,561. Patented April z5, 1876.

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UHU LI N. PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D C.

4Sheets-Sheet 3. P. C.St. MARIE. CAPSTAN AND WINDLAss. No.176,561. Parented Apr11z5,1a7e.

N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPMER. WASHINGTON, D C.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4 P. C.y St. MARIE. CAPSTAN AND WINDLASS. N0.175,561. Patented Apr'1125,18 76.

i N. PETERS. PHDTD-LITHDGRKPMEE WASHINGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEIoEc PIERRE CELESTIN ST. MARIE, OF MONTREAL, CANADA.

IMPROVEMENT IN CAPSTANS AND WINDLASSES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N o. 176,56 l, dated April 25, 1876; application tiled April 17, 1876.

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, PIERRE GELEsTIN-ST.

`MARIE, of the city and district of Montreal,

in the Province of Quebec and Dominion of Canada, engineer, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Raising and Lowering Anchors, Ste.; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, Which form a part of this specication.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for raising and lowering anchors and other weights, the nature of which will be fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l represents a perspective view, Fig. 2 a side view, Fig. 3 a back view, Fig. 4 a front view, and Fig. 5 a horizontal section, of so much of a ship or vessel, with my improvements applied thereto, as will serveto illustrate my invention. Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9, show detail views of parts separately.

In each of the views, similar letters of reference are employed to indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.

A represents a portion of the main deck of a ship or vessel, upon which is erected the windl'ass B and the various devices necessary for controlling and operating the same, and the necessary chains, cables, or ropes, as hereinafter vmore fully described. C represents part of the forecastle-deck, upon lwhich is mounted the capstan D, which works independently' on the vertical shaft E. The capstan D is of ordinary construction, and provided with a head, d1, pawls d2, and pawl-base d3, bolted to the forecastle-deck O. On the upper end of the shaft E, and immediately above the head d1, is mounted the drum-head d, which is secured to the shaft E by a key or other suitable means. The shaft E, at its lower end, is supported with capability of revolvin'gfreely in the socket-plate or bearing d5, bolted to the main deck A. F is an endless screw, formed on or affixed to the shaft E, and gearing with the wormwheel or pinion G, mountedon the windlass-shaft H. Upon the shaft H, on each side of the worm-wheel G, is arranged a barrel-wheel, I, for the purpose of ceiling ropes thereon, in order to heave up masts or other heavy weights, and also a pawl-wheel, J, and a wild-cat-head Wheel, K, (or a chain or grab wheel.) The cat-head wheels K are connected to the pawl-wheels J by means of locks or keys k, (one of which is shown separately at Fig. 8,) and which are hung to the forecastle-deck when not in use. The cat-head wheels K are each provided with a grooved flange, K, in which works a friction-band, K2, the upper end, K3, of which is connected to a rod, K4, hooked to the main deck A, while the opposite end is pivoted to a basp, K8, which is raised and lowered by means of the screw-rod K5, passing through the forecastle-deck C, and terminating in a double hook, K6, which rests on a washer or bearing-plate, K7.

rlhe bands K2 may be tightened, when desired, by simply turning the screw-rods K5. The rods K5 are raised and lowered for the purpose of breaking the cat-head wheels K, by means of a heeled clawed handspike, K9. (Shown separately at Fig. 9, and in position at Figs. 2 and 5.)

L L represent a pair of deck barrel hawserpipes, through which the anchor-chainsM are conducted into the chain locken N N are chain-Stoppers, having hinged plates N1 and a cam-lever, N2, pivoted to lugs, in order to press the plates N1 upon the anchor-chains, in order more effectual] y to stop the same. The plates N1 at their ends are provided with a notch or recess, n, for the reception of the cross-links of the chain M when sliding in the groove of the chain-stopper N. When the chains are being paid out the plates N1 are held up out of position by means of chains N4 from the forecastle-deck. 0 O are chain-hawser pipes, which are provided with grooves o o, thereby allowing the anchor-chains M to slip through the same without twisting. P P are davits, provided with an anchor-hanger-chain lever, p, pivoted to their heads.

The levers p are provided with a lug or catch, p1, which passes through the end link of the anchor-hanging chains p2, which passes through the slot p3, and holds up the anchor M1, as shown by Figs. l and 2.

The levers p are locked in position by means ot' a pin, p4.

isa leverarm mounted on a shaft, Q, to which are also attached a pair of' arms.

(g2 Q2, to the outer end otl which, b v means ol' a series ot' chains` Q, are connected the pawls J', which mesh into the pawl-wheels J.

By lowering the end of the lever Q, as shown by t'ull lines in Fig. 7, all the pawls .l will be simultaneously raised from the position shown by dotted lilies, and disconnected l'rom the pawl-wheels J, thereby allowingot' the motion of the windlass Il being reversed. Qi' is a stop to prevent the lever Q being depressed too far. The lever Q is held in plaee either upor down by means ot`a pin, Q. lt is an eeeen tric mounted on the outside ot'and within the eountersunk portion of the wild-cat-head wheels K, the rod r ot" which is pivoted to one end ot' a lever-arm, r2, supported on an axis, r3, while its opposite end. l", is pivoted to the upper end ot` a pitman, r, the lower end of which is connected to one arm ot'an L-shaied lever r to the o i )osite arm ol' which is pivoted the clawker or driver l", which takes into the teeth of the ratchetwheel S, mounted on an axis, Sl. s is a retaining-pawl to prevent the backward movement ot' the ratchet-wheel S. T is a graduated dial, each division representing a fathom or other suitable length ot`chain.

The ratchet-wheel S is provided with an indicator or hand, S2, which travels with the same. and shows the number of fathoms of' chain paid out or drawn in in casting or heaving the anchor.

I arrange a dial and working mechanism at each end of the windless I, one working to the right and the other to the let't hand, tlnls enabling a sailor or other person standing by either ot' the dials to see the amount of chain paid out and to give the order to check at any time desired.

In order to east either one or two anchors of a ship, the plate N1 of the chain-Stoppers N is raised and hooked up, as shown by Figs. 1 and 2.

The wild-cat-head wheels K are unlocked hy drawing out the pins or locking-pieces k, shown separately by Fig. e', which are then suspended ready for future use, as shown by Fig. 5; the anchor is then cast loose, which pays out by its own weight the chain to which it is attached.

The pins or locking-pieces l. are by preferellce formed square, although they may be of' other forms, and are provided with central bearing k2, through which pass shat'ts if, on one end ot' which are formed eyes or loops, ki, adapted to receive rings or loops lr". At their opposite ends the shal'ts lf2 are provided with short arms It", so constructed and arranged that when it is desired to insert the pins or locking-pieces k into the holes k', formed iu the wildcat wheels li, and the pawl-wheels J, the points or extremiticsol' the arms It may lic within the angles ol' the locking-pieces lf, as shown Fig. 8; but when the pins or loeking-pieees It have been inserted into the holes 1.", t'or the purpose ol' locking together the wild-cat wheels K aml the pawlwheels J, the arms 1:5 may be turned into the position shown by dotted lilies in Fig. 8, so as to securely prevent the withdrawal ot` the pins or loeliing-pieces until the arms lr" have been again turned into the position shown by t'ull lilies in Fig. b'.

In order to regulate the paying out ot' the anchor-chains, or to stop them when required, the t'riction-bamls K2 encircling the wild-eat wheels l( are operated by means ot' bandspikes li", thereby regulating the revolution ol' the wheels Kas required, or stopping them altogether. ll' desired, the plates N ol' the chain-stopper N may then be closed, which will also have the et'ect of stopping the paying out ot' the anchor-chains.

ln order to ascertain the number of fathoms ot'chain paid out in the castingor heaving ot' the anchors, the wild-cat-head wheels K, in revolving, set in motion the eccentric 1t, fastened thereto; the eccentric R, by means of the lever-arm r2, pitman T5, lever r, and driver rl, pushes the ratchet-wheel S mounted in frontot the dial T. By preference, at every seventh turn of the screw F, and at every revolution of' the wild-cat-head Wheels, the driver ri pushes the ratchet-Wheel S aud the hand S2 a distance equal to one division of the dial T, and as each division indicates a fathom, the number of fathoins the anchor-chain has been paid out or heaved is correctly shown. When it is desired to heave the anchors the wild-cat-head wheels K are locked up to the pawl-wheels J, by means of' the locks or keys k,- handspikes K" are then set in the holes ofthe drum-head d4 ofthe capstan D; the device is then operated to the right hand, revolving the spindle or shaft E, and the endless screw F, which gears into the wormwheel G,and by means of the Wheels K, which are connected with the Windlass-shaft H by means of the locks or keys 7c, causing the chain-links to pass over the grabs ot' the wheels K, by which means they are kept from going backward, and are conducted forward to the chain-locker. The independent capstan l) is employed when the ship is being towed by another, or for hauling to a Wharf. When it is desired to heave up masts 0r other heavy wieghts, the wild-cat-head wheels lc are unlocked and set free, handspikes are set in the drum-head d4 of the capstau D, which is then turned to the right, thereby setting the windlass Bin motion. A rope is then passed two or three times over the barrel-wheels I, the eml ot' said rope being held taut by sailors, and by these means the weight is heaved up. In order to reverse the motion ot' the windlass to the left hand, the paWl-lever Q is lowered and checked by the pin Q, thereby raising the pawls J', and disconnecting the same from the pawl-wheels J, thereby leaving the windlass t'ree to move in either direction.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is a v l. The combination, with the shaft E of a capstan provided with an endless screW,F, capable of working to the right hand, of a Windlass, having a paWl-lifter, Q, shaft Q1, arms Q2, and a series of pawls, J, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination, with a windlass, of the paWl-lifter lever Q, shaft Q1, arms Q2, and a series of pawls, J', substantially as and for- 5. The combination of the dials T, ratchet- Wheels S, indicators or hands S2, drivers T7, levers and arms r6, v5, r2, rods r, and eccentrics R, with the Wild-cat-head wheels K K of a windlass, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with a vWindlass, B, dials T, rachet-Wheels S, indicators or hands S2, drivers rl, levers and arms r6, v5, r2, rods nr', and eccentrics R, of the chain-stoppers N, having hinged plates N1 and cam-levers N2, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. In a Windlass or hoisting apparatus, the combination, with the Wheels K and J of the pins or locking-pieces k, having shafts k3, provided With arms k6, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I ax my signature in presence of two witnesses.

PIERRE C. ST. MARIE.

Witnesses:

GOLBORNE BRooKEs, E. W. FARLEIGH. 

